‘附近有一家店’怎么开口？

Ming meets a visitor outside a station. The visitor wants water. Ming says, 'There is a small shop near the exit.' He is introducing a shop that the visitor does not know about. The useful pattern is there is, followed by the thing and its location.

小明在车站外遇见一位访客。对方想买水。小明说：There is a small shop near the exit。他在介绍访客还不知道的一家店。实用结构是 there is，后面接事物及其位置。

Ming also says, 'There are two benches beside the shop.' Use are with two benches in this careful description. 'There have two benches' does not follow this pattern. In Chinese, one word can describe these situations; English uses a different sentence structure here.

小明还说：There are two benches beside the shop。规范描述 two benches 时用 are。There have two benches 不符合这个结构。中文可以用同一个‘有’描述这些情况，英语这里使用不同句式。

Have is useful when a person or place has something. Ming says, 'I have a bottle of water.' He can also say, 'The station has several exits.' That is correct: the station is the subject. A place can be the subject of have too.

说某人拥有某物，或某地方有某种配置时，可以用 have。小明说 I have a bottle of water。他也可以说 The station has several exits，这同样正确，主语是车站。不是只有人才能作 have 的主语。

Later, the visitor asks about the shop again. Ming says, 'The shop is next to the stairs.' Now he starts with the known shop and gives its location. Both descriptions are useful. Choose what the listener needs: a new place, or the location of a known one.

后来，访客再次问起那家店。小明说 The shop is next to the stairs。现在他从对方已知的商店说起，补充它的位置。这两种描述都实用：看对方需要认识新地点，还是了解已知地点在哪里。

There is a shop near the exit. The station has a shop too.

出口附近有家店。车站里也有家店。

There are two benches outside. The benches are under a tree.

外面有两张长椅。那些长椅在一棵树下。